"FEDERALIZM" #1 (57) 2010

RANGES OF SECURITY

Alexey SHEVYAKOV

Problems of reducing the scale of inequality and poverty in Russia

The article deals with causes and consequences of the growth of the population income inequality in Russia. It shows the impact of income inequality on economic growth, including that at the regional level. The model of optimal income distribution is proposed. The article describes some effects of practical implementation of this model that would be positive for the national economy.

Keywords: inequality, normal inequality, excessive inequality, poverty, income, economic growth

SHEVYAKOV Alexey Yurievich, D.Sc. (Econ.), Professor, Director of the Institute of Social and Economic Studies of Population, RAS, e-mail: ashevi@gmail.com

Victor GAVRILOV

The problems of reproduction in Russian agriculture

The article examines the problems of reproduction in Russian agriculture. Special attention is paid to basic components of reproduction: fixed assets and labor resources. The directions of perfecting reproduction processes in agriculture are proposed.

Keywords: reproduction, agriculture, disparity of prices, food security, import, fixed assets

GAVRILOV Victor Petrovich, Cand. Sc. (Econ.), leading scientific researcher, Institute of Economics, RAS, e-mail: spark_sun@mail.ru

LOCAL AUTONOMY

Alexander DEMENTIEV

Local self-government as a level of public power

The problems of forming the institute of local self-government in the Russian Federation as a level of public power during the Post-Soviet period are analyzed. The influence of the state and public theories on local self-government formation is revealed. Constitutional and legislative guidelines on local government are considered in the context of realizing the principle of vertical division of the authorities. The conclusion is made that the general vector of development of local self-government should be directed towards an increasing autonomy of local authorities together with a more active role of the population in their functioning.

Keywords: local self-government, public power, government, local self-government theories, self-organizing of citizens, democracy

DEMENTIEV Alexander Nikolaevich, Cand. Sc. (Law), Councilor of the state service of the Russian Federation (2nd degree), deputy head of the department at the Analytical Service of the Administration, Federation Council of the RF Federal Assembly, e-mail: dahalex@mail.ru

Leonid SAVINOV

Municipal cultural politics: opportunities and restrictions
(in practice of monotown Ust-Ilimsk)

This work is aimed to analyze opportunities and restrictions of municipal cultural policy on the example of the Siberian monotown Ust-Ilimsk. Basing on  the revealed moods, expectations and motivations of town population for cultural sphere, we tried to demonstrate the population attitudes to the work of cultural institutions, to offer sociologically well founded ways and mechanisms of cultural policy perfecting taking into account local historical, cultural, stratificational, geographical and socio-economical features.

Keywords: free time, consumers of cultural services, sufficiency of cultural institutions, cultural leisure

SAVINOV Leonid Viacheslavovich, Cand. Sc. (Polit.), associate professor, Siberian Academy for Public Administration, e-mail: savinov@sapa.nsk.su

QUESTIONS OF THEORY

Ludmila BELGORODSKAYA

'Empire' Discourse in British and American Encyclopedias and Dictionaries

The article is devoted to 'empire' notation in British and American encyclopedias and dictionaries published during the 20th century. The paper analyzes the evolution of this notation and theories of imperialism, the Western reflection of the Russian empire. The author has used a lot of Anglo-American dictionaries and reference books, studied Russian and Soviet encyclopedias in order to compare historical experience of different states.

Keywords: empire, British and American encyclopedias and dictionaries, imperialism, comparative history

BELGORODSKAYA Ludmila Veniaminovna, Cand. Sc. (Hist.), Associate professor, head of department of philosophy and history, Siberian Federal University, e-mail: BLV.KR@mail.ru

Elena VASILIEVA

Analysis of methodological approaches to measuring human capital

The article considers the evolution of the main methods of evaluating human capital. The analysis of advantages and deficiencies of the approaches to its measurement based on natural ratings, capitalization of incomes and calculation of aggregate investments to development of the person is conducted. The necessity of developing an integrated rating for general evaluation of basic elements of accumulated human capital is proven.

Keywords: human capital, economic value of the person, the evaluation of human capital, investments to human capital, education capital, health capital, the index of human capital

VASILIEVA Elena Nikolaevna, Cand. Sc. (Econ.), Relationship Manager, Bank Societe General Vostok, e-mail: e.n.vasileva@mail.ru

Vladimir KOCHETKOV

The modernization of the Russian political system: a constitutional approach

In this article the author tries to understand the reasons of a re-birth of authoritarian political forms in all post-Soviet states. From the analysis of the text of the Russian Constitution it can be concluded that there are some premises for that. In particular it became into existence because a fundamental principle of the constitutionalism - a principle of the division of powers - is seriously injured. That's why the author considers, it is necessary to elaborate some amendments to the Constitution in order to reform such a situation.

Keywords: Constitutionalism, Democracy, Division of Powers, Modernization of Political System, authoritarianism

KOCHETKOV Vladimir Valerievich, Ph.D. (Phil.) associate professor, leading researcher at the Human Rights Institute, Russian State Social University, e-mail: vovov69@mail.ru

DEMOGRAPHIC AND ETHNOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS

Valentina BARABASH

From the history of training personnel in culture in Tuva

The article is devoted to the questions of studying the personnel potential in the sphere of culture and arts in the Republic of Tuva in the second half of the 20th century. The detailed analysis of the level of personnel condition is given from the moment of joining the USSR and in dynamics till the beginning of the 1990s. The peculiarities of personnel training during this period, difficulties and problems are revealed; the significance of Russian specialists in founding educational institutions of culture and arts in Tuva is underlined. The archives documents and recollections of the participants of the process of founding the region's personnel system in culture and arts are used for the first time.

Keywords: Tuva, culture and arts, personnel potential, cultural and educational policy

BARABASH Valentina Petrovna, Cand. Sc. (Hist.), Director of Krasnoyarsk Regional College of Culture and Arts, Minusinsk, e-mail: vpb2005@yandex.ru

Naima NEFLYASHEVA

Religious Education at Western Adigs in the XX-th century beginning

In article dynamics of Muslim education at western Adigs in a context of a policy of Russian Empire in relation to Moslems of Empire and Moslems of the North Caucasus is considered. Representations about regional dynamics of a Muslim policy of the Center are expanded, and also spheres in which the regional projects compensating problems of Muslim education at Adigs in the beginning of the XX-th century were formed are revealed.

Keywords: Caucasus, Russian Empire, Kubanskaya oblast, Adigs, Islamic schools, madrasa, Islam, djadidija

NEFLYASHEVA Naima Aminovna, Cand. Sc. (History), Senior Fellow, Senior lecturer, Center for Civilizational and Regional Studies, Institute for African Studies Russian Academy of Sciences, e-mail: innef@mail.ru

SUPRANATIONAL PROBLEMS

Lyudmila FOKINA

Moldova under conditions of contemporary global crisis

The article considers the influence of the global financial crisis on the macroeconomy and the real sector of the Republic of Moldova and the unrecognized Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic on the basis of extensive empirical data. Special attention is paid to the specifics of the applied anti-crisis programs.

Keywords: budget deficit, currency market, export-import, programs, Alliance for European Integration (AEI), Pridnestrovie.

FOKINA Lyudmila Vasilievna, Researcher of the Center for comparative studies of transformation processes, Institute of Economics, RAS, e-mail: fokina-lv@mail.ru

Galina KRYZHANOVSKAYA

Russian and international experience of inter-budget reciprocal action

The article considers the experience of inter-budget reciprocal action in Russia and abroad, the tools for overcoming territorial budget imbalance. The practice of using inter-budget reciprocal action tools depending on the established fiscal federalism model is generalized. The measures aimed at overcoming the imbalance of subjects of Federation budgets are proposed.

Keywords: budget, inter-budget reciprocal action, budget imbalance, expenditure powers, tax distribution, inter-budget transfers

KRYZHANOVSKAYA Galina Vladimirovna, Cand. Sc. (Econ.), senior lecturer, finance and credit chair, associate professor, Far Eastern Academy for Public Service, Khabarovsk, e-mail: mgalin1008@mail.ru

HISTORY OF THOUGHT

Igor BAKHLOV, Sergey KISTANOV

The national-state structure of Russia in the programs of political parties in the beginning of the XX century

The article considers the approach of political parties to Russia's national-state formation problems in the beginning of the XX century. It analyzes parts of the programs of the main political parties of the Russian empire devoted to possible state formation of the country and their variants of solving the national question in the country. The evolution of the party programs positions in respect to basic issues of the future national-state formation is shown.

Keywords: political party, national question, unitary state, federative state, autonomy, monarchists, octyabrists, cadets, social-democrats, esers

BAKHLOV Igor Vladimirovich, Dr. Sc. (Polit.), Head of the chair of world history and world political process, Mordovian N.P. Ogarev State University, e-mail: bahlov@mail.ru
KISTANOV Sergey Vasilievich, Cand. Sc. (Hist.), associate professor, chair of history of Fatherland, Mordovian N.P. Ogarev State University, e-mail: kistanov-viz@yandex.ru

Nikolai KRASNYAKOV

The main stages of legislative regulation in governing the Caucuses territory of the Russian Empire

Joining the Caucuses territories to the Russian Empire took into consideration poly-ethnic character of the population in that region as well as their poly-religion identity. Thus, peoples' traditions were preserved. Dynamic changes in law and area arrangement of the Caucuses and Transcaucasia territories proved stability of the governor-ruled form.

Keywords: Russia, empire, The Caucuses, integration, ethnos, region

KRASNYAKOV Nikolai Ivanovich, Cand. Sc. (Law), associate professor, department of theory and history of state and law, Siberian Academy of Public Administration, e-mail: kofe51@yandex.ru

Olga MONYAKOVA

The elementary education organization in Russia in the second half of the XIX - the beginning of the XX centuries
(the case of the Vladimir province)

The article analyzes the development of elementary public education in Russia in the second half of the XIX - the beginning of the XX centuries in the aspect of mutual relations of the Russian Orthodox Church and zemstvo self-government institutions. The situation in the Vladimir province is considered as an example of constructive interaction of spiritual department and zemstvo during the period of zemstvo in the history of Russia.

Keywords: interaction, formation, church, zemstvo, people

MONYAKOVA Olga Albertovna, Cand. Sc. (Hist.), director, Historical and Memorial Museum, Kovrov, e-mail: museum-kovrov@mail.ru

ANALITICAL NOTES

Alexsandra SHABUNOVA

Problems of medical care availability for the population

The article analyzes problems of medical care availability for the population based on survey data in Vologda region. Medical care availability and population's demand for medical services are also investigated. The influence of public health commercialization on medical care availability is considered as well.

Keywords: population health, drug provision, public health commercialization, medical care availability

SHABUNOVA Alexsandra Anatolevna, Cand. Sc. (Econ.), Associate professor, Head of population's living standard and life style department, Institute of Territories' Social and Economic Development, RAS, e-mail: aas@vscc.ac.ru

Dzhambulat SAJDUMOV

The nature and essence of judicial authority in Checheno-Ingush ASSR
(a historic-legal view at the issues of structural organization of courts in the autonomous republic)

The article considers the issues of forming and developing the judicial system in the CHIASSR, the principles of justice underlying the activities of courts of the autonomous republic. The structure of CHIASSR Supreme Court is investigated as well as the procedure and order of election of judges.

Keywords: court, justice, CHIASSR Supreme Court, law, decisions of the courts, judges, civil and criminal cases, judiciary

SAJDUMOV Dzhambulat Hamidovich, Cand. Sc. (Law), Head of the sector, the Chechen Encyclopedia, the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, e-mail: bulatto@mail.ru

YOUNG SCIENTISTS

Elena GUTNIKOVA

Financial independence as the factor of stability of development of municipalities

The results of the research conducted by the author show that the majority of municipalities experience difficulties with full realization of their rights and powers. One of the principal causes which impedes effective functioning of local governments is the absence of financial independence of municipalities.

Keywords: finances, independence, municipalities

GUTNIKOVA Elena Alexandrovna, Research worker, the department of social and economic development and management in territorial systems, Institute of Socio-Economic Development of Territories, RAS, e-mail: elena-gutnikova@yandex.ru

Demiyan IVOCHKIN

Experience of the enlightenment to activity Russian Orthodox Cerkvi in Smolenskoy dioceses

Activity Russian Orthodox Cerkvi is briefly stated In article on study of the histories Smolenschiny, in particular studies of a particular region, in connection with interest to public life in the second half XIX age. In development of the study of a particular region under influence populism took part priests and representatives to scientific intellectuals Smolenskoy region. Greater value in study of the histories Russian Cerkvi present the works I.I. Orlovskogo and collected by him complex church document.

Keywords: study, clergy, antiquities, parochial chronicle, complex church document

IVOCHKIN Demiyan Anatolievich, Competitor Smolenskogo state university, e-mail: idar78@mail.ru

Ekaterina MAZUR

Basic rules of federal legislation in the sphere of socio-economic development of subjects of the RF

The article is devoted to the analysis of rules of federal legislation, by means of which the legal regulation of socio-economic development of subjects of the Russian Federation is carried out. The author analyzes completeness, clearness and sufficiency of the legal regulation of bodies of state power activity in the sphere of prediction, programming and planning of socio-economic development of subjects of the RF.

Keywords: federal legislation, socio-economic development, subject of the RF, authority, bills

MAZUR Ekaterina Alekseevna, Postgraduate of the constitutional and municipal law chair, Russian Law Academy of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation, e-mail: mazeka@list.ru

Rinat SALAKHUTDINOV

Mechanisms of adaptation of youth with higher education to the labor market of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Region - Ugra

For the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Region - Ugra, the average age of the population which is 32 years, the problem of effective youth employment are of particular importance. Based on the data of sociological studies conducted in the district, the article explores the possible mechanisms of adaptation of young specialists in the field of employment due to the imbalance of the labor market and education market and deepened under the influence of global economic crisis.

Keywords: youth, education, labor market, employment, unemployment

SALAKHUTDINOV Rinat Rashidovich, PhD student, Department of Economics, Department of Economic Theory Surgut State University, e-mail: srr1985@yandex.ru

Svetlana CHUCHKALOVA

Modeling demographic processes in the Kirov region

The author by means of the correlation analysis of statistical data selects the factors influencing birth rate and death rate. In view of the chosen factors the dynamic model of demography of the Kirov region is constructed.

Keywords: imitating model, population, birth rate, death rate, socio-economic factors

CHUCHKALOVA Svetlana Vladimirovna, post-graduate student, Vyatka State University, e-mail: chuchkalova@mail.ru